

A battlefield cemetery was subsequently established on the site. On June 3, 1861, the Union planned a pre-dawn assault on the Confederates, which resulted in their retreat. This battle was the first land conflict of the war, taking place near Philippi, Virginia. The Colonel Kelly monument commemorates the leader of the 1st Virginia Infantry, having been appointed colonel in May 1861 and being gravely wounded in the Battle of Philippi a month later. 58 caliber percussion cap Type 1861 "Springfield" rifle-muskets were produced as the standard infantry armament. New technology also developed during the war over one million.

During the war, a draft was implemented, a poster of which can be found in the ruins of Washington D.C.
